Diillin-Caanood "Galaxy"....(Cashar)

                                                                           
Erayga ‘galaxy’ waxaa laga soo xigtay Afka Giriigga wuxuuna Af Soomaaliga ku noqonayaa diillin-caanood ama waddo-caanood. Diillin-caanooddu waa higil aad u baaxad weyn waana hab uu is ku xiro cufjiidku oo ka kooban xiddigo, haraa-xiddigood (stellar remnants), meerayaal, dhadhaabyo (steroids), dhagxaanta saynta leh (comets), dhexyaallo (interstellar mediums) oo iyaguna ka kooban neef, boor, fallaaro-iftiimeed, hogag madow iyo walaxa madow (dark matter). Walaxa madow waa wax cilmi ahaan aan wali si fiican loo fahmin laakiin door weyn ku leh jiritaanka uunka. Waxaa kamida sababaha isu soo jiida xubnaha diillin-caanoodda hogag madow oo aad iyo aad u cufaf waaweyn oo ku yaal bartamaha higilka weyn ee diillin-caanoodda waxaana loo yaqaan Hogagga Madmadow ee Cufafka Waaweyn (supermassive black holes) oo loo soo koobo SMBH, wuxuuna afar malyan oo jeer ka cuf badan yahay hoggii madowba cufka qorraxdeenna. Diillin-caanoodyada koonku waa ilaa 100 malyan, qaar baana cilinno ah. Tan dhulku ka tirsan yahay haddii la doono in lagu dhex safro waxay qaadanaysaa ilaa 100 kun sano oo ku salaysan cabbirka iftiinka; sano-iftiimeedka (ly).

1. Xiddig-yahannadu markay cirarka wax ka cabbirayaan waxay hal-beegga cabbirka ka dhigtaan xawliga iftiinka oo dhan 300,000 km/ilmiriqsi ama 186,000 mayl/ilmiriqsi. Xagga dheeraynta markay noqotana koonka oo dhan ma jiro wax ka dheereeya iftiinka. Sida uu qeexay Urur Xiddigoodka Caalamiga (IAU), hal sano-iftiimeed waxay la mid tahay 6 tirilyan oo mayl ama qiyaas ka hoosaysa 10 tirilyan oo kiilomitir. Marar waxaa dhacda  in sano-iftiimeedka (ly) lagu qaldamo oo loo qaato hal-beeg waqtiyeed laakiin maaha sidaase waa hal-beeg fogaaneed.
2. 
    Diillin-caanooddenna, haddaan ku masaynno magaalo weyn oo ka kooban xaafado iyo magaalo hoose (downtown) waxay qeybta hab-qorraxeedka ee aan ka tirsan nahay noqonaysaa qeyb aad u yar oo magaaladaas ka tirsan oo aan xitaa xaafad dhammayn. Marka si kale loo yiraahdo, waxaan noqonaynnaa bar yar oo ku taal higilkaas weyn ee aan hadda ugu yeernay diillin-caanood. Sida magaaladu u nalal badan tahay oo kale baa diillin-caanoodduna u nalal badan tahay, waxaana nalal u ah xiddigaha, isla markaasna sida dhanka magaalada hoose u nalal badan tahay buu bartamaha diillin-caanoodduna u nalal/xiddigo badan tahay.

Waxaa la rumaysan yahay in diillin caanoodeennu qaab ahaan tahay mid galoolan (Spiral Galaxy). Ma jirto cid awoodday inay bannaanka uga baxdo diillin-caanoodda kadibna dib u soo fiirisay oo sawirtay, laakiin waxaa laga qiyaas qaatay diillin-caanoodyada kale ee aan keenna ahayn ee la arki karo, waxaana sidaas laga male-awaalay in teennu galoolan tahay, halka kuwa kale leeyihiin hummaagyo qaabab kale leh.

Diillin-caanoodyo aan badnayn baa magacyo loo bixiyay sida; D/Caanoodda Andaroomiidiya ( Andromeda Galaxy), D/Caanoodda Daruuraha Majallaan (Magellanic Clouds), D/Caanoodda Meermeerta (Whirlpool Galaxy),  D/Caanoodda Sombariiro (Sombrero Galaxy), D/Caanoodda Garangarsan (Ring Galaxy) iyo D/Caanoodda Quraareedka (Lenticular Galaxay). Diillin-caanoodyada waxaa qaab ahaan loo qeybshaa seddex jaad; kuwo qaab ukumeed leh (elliptical), kuwo galoolan (spirals), iyo qaab-laawayaal (irregulars).

Waxaa jira diillin-caanoodyo loogu yeero cilinno (dwarfs). Waxay mug ahaan ka yaryar yihiin kuwa waaweyn qiyaas dhan boqol meeloodow hal meel (1/100 times) waxayna ka kooban yihiin dhawr bilyan oo xiddigood. Waxaa dhacda in D/Caanoodyada cilinnada ahi ku ag wareegaan kuwa waaweyn.

Way is la falgalaan D/Caanoodyadu, wuxuuna falgalku dhalanrog ku sameeyaa ahaantooda. Is-duqayntu waxay dhacdaa marka labo D/Caanood si toos ah isugu dhacaan, haddii aysan lahayn awood ku filan inay is raacaan, xiddigaha D/Caanoodyadaani way is dhaafaan iyagoon is duqayn, laakiin neefaha iyo boorarka labada D/Caanood baa is dhexgala. Arrintaan dambe baa waxay keentaa in xiddigo dhashaan. Haddii is-duqeyn toos ahi dhacdo oo ay is dhaafi kari waayaan waxaa dhici karta in hummaagyada D/Caanoodyada wax is ka beddelaan. Mararkaan ay D/Caanoodyadii is ka hor yimid tahli waayeen inay is dhaafaan, way midoobaan waxayna noqdaan hal D/Caanood oo aad iyo aad u weyn. Xilligaan la joogo, xiddiguhu waxay ka dhex-dhashaan D/Caanoodyada yaryar.

D/Caanoodyada galoolan, kaliya waxay soo saaraan da’o cusub oo xiddigo ah, maadaama, ay ku leeyihiin fadad daruuro ah oo cufan oo haydroojiin ah gacmahooda galoolan. D/Caanoodyada ukumeedka ah, ka ma dhex-dhashaan xiddigo cusub waayo waxaa ka martay neefta xiddigaha dihata. Marka xiddigtu shidaalkeedii haydroojiinka ahaa u rogto walxo calculus, dihashadii xiddigo cusub waa joogsataa. 

Habka hadda xiddiguhu u samaysmaan waxaa la filaayaa inuu sii socdo ilaa boqol bilyan oo sano, waxaana markaas kadib soo yaraanaya cimrigii xiddigaha, iyagoo soo jiray toban tirilyan ilaa boqol tirilyan (10¹³–10¹⁴ sano) sano, waxaana markaas bilaabmaya in xiddigihii ugu yaryaraa ee ugu cimri dheeraa ee hawadeenna ay damaaan ama qarsoomaan kuwaas oo ah cilinnada cascas. Marka la gaaro dhammaadka cimriga xiddigaha, diillin-caanoodyadu waxay noqonayaan walxo isku dhafan oo ka kooban waxyaalaha sida: cilinno midab-ciideeda, cilinno cadcad oo qaboobaya ama qaboobayba (cilinno madmadow, xiddigaha niyuutroon, iyo hogag madmadow). Waxaa markaas dhici doonta in dhammaan xiddigaha oo dhan ku hoobtaan hogag madmadow oo cufaf waaweyn sidaas awgeedna lagu soo wada aruuro hogaggaas.

D/Caanood Ukumeed

D/Caanoodda Meermeerta

D/Caanoodda Garangarsan